Social Learning theory

  Social learning theory suggests that pro-social behaviour is learned (Bandura, 1977; Bandura & McDonald, 1963; Batson, 1998). Observing role models who are loved or respected, such as parents or authorities, engaged in pro-social behaviour, demonstrates how people can and should behave prosocially. Rewards reinforce helping behaviour; punishments reduce unhelpful or hurtful behaviour. Within a group context, social recognition, not just private reward, increases pro- social behaviour (Fisher & Ackerman, 1998).Observational modeling processes with reinforcement will result in learning over time (Compeau & Higgins, 1995; Lim et al., 1997).

According to social learning theories (Bandura, 2001; Mischel 1999), people acquire aggressive responses the same way they acquire other complex forms of social behaviour—either by direct experience or by observing others. Social learning theory explains the acquisition of aggressive behaviours, via observational learning processes, and provides a useful set of concepts for understanding and describing the beliefs and expectations that guide social behaviour. Patterson’s work on family interactions and the development of antisocial behaviour patterns relies heavily on this approach.

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