Basic assumptions of realism and neorealism

   Realism and neorealism are two of the most dominant schools of thought in the field of international relations. Both of these theories have distinct assumptions about the nature of international politics and the behavior of states in the international system.

Basic assumptions of Realism:

1. The international system is anarchic: There is no world government or central authority to regulate the behavior of states, leading to a self-help system where states must rely on their own means to ensure their security.
2. States are the main actors: Realists believe that states are the primary actors in the international system and that they act in their own self-interest to further their goals and protect their own security.
3. Power is the most important factor: Realists view power as the central factor in international relations, with states competing for power in order to ensure their survival and maintain their dominance in the international system.
4. The pursuit of self-interest: Realists believe that states act primarily out of self-interest and will pursue policies that are in their own interest, regardless of the impact on other states or the international community as a whole.

Basic assumptions of Neorealism:

1. The international system is still anarchic: Like realism, neorealism also assumes that the international system is anarchic and that states must ensure their own security.
2. States are rational actors: Neorealists believe that states are rational actors and will act in their own self-interest in a predictable and systematic way.
3. The centrality of power: Neorealism continues to emphasize the centrality of power in international relations and the importance of military capabilities in ensuring a state's security and influence.
4. The influence of the international system: Neorealists argue that the structure of the international system, particularly the distribution of power among states, shapes the behavior of states and influences their actions in the international arena.

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